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______________________________________________________________ LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE -
THE FUTURE INDICATIVE ACTIVE
10.1 Similarity with English usage
There is a close correspondence between the way in which the Future Tense is used in both Latin and
English. Its general purpose is to indicate what is going to happen but it can also indicate someone’s will
or intention regarding future events. Thus ‘I will go’ can be interpreted as a bald statement of fact or an
insight into the mind of the speaker.
10.2 THE FUTURE INDICATIVE ACTIVE
1st Conjugation
2nd Conjugation
laudabo - I will praise etc
laudabimus
videbo - I will see etc
videbimus
laudabis
laudabitis
videbis
videbitis
laudabit
laudabunt
videbit
videbunt
3rd Conjugation
4th Conjugation
benedicam - I will bless etc
benedicemus
audiam - I will hear etc
audiemus
benedices
benedicetis
audies
audietis
benedicet
benedicent
audiet
audient
ero - I will be etc
erimus
eris
eritis
erit
erunt
.
Some parts of the Mass begin with the Future Tense, and are easily recognisable e.g.
ibo ad altare Dei -
bo inter innocentes manus meas -
es me, Domine. -
Reading Practice Vocabulary
possideo, -ere, possedi, possessum (2) - to possess transeo, transire, transivi, transitum (4) - to pass away condemno, -are, -avi, -atum (1) - to condemn sitio, -ire, -ivi, -itum (4) - to thirst sustineo, -ere, -tinui, -tentum (2) - to sustain semino, -are, -avi, -atum (1) - to sow contemno, -ere, -tempsi, -temptum (3) - to despise obumbro, -are, -avi -atum (1) - to overshadow peto, -ere, -ivi, -itum (3) - to ask tento, -are, -avi, -tum (1) - to tempt I shall show forth Thy truth with my mouth sapientiam sapientium, et prudentiam I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and the prudence Nemo potest duobus hominibus servire : aut enim No man can serve two masters : either he erunt novissimi primi, et primi novissimi benedictionibus, de benedictionibus et Exercise 1 Translate these sentences :
Populus Sion, ecce Dominus veniet
Deus meus, sperabo in eum
Benedicam Dominum
Gratias (The favours) Domini in aeternum cantabo
Omnis qui bibet ex aqua hac sitiet iterum : qui autem bibet ex aqua quam Ego dabo ei, non sitiet in
aeternum
Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks using one of the following words :
2. Beati mundo corde : quoniam ipsi Deum _________ 3. Si quis diligit me, sermonem meum ______ 7. per omnes generationes _________ fidelitatem 8. __________ , et _________ cor vestra Vocabulary
fluo, -ere, fluxi, fluxum (3) - to flow ambulo, -are, -avi, -atum (1) - to walk arguo, -ere, -ui, argutum (3) - to censure conflo. -are, -avi, -atum (1) - to forge exerceo, -ere, -ui, -itum (2) - to exercise, practise praevaleo, -ere, -ui (2) - to be physically strong, to prevail by forceadversus - against Learn the Future Tense of the Verb eo, ire, ivi, itum - to go : ibo - I will go etc.
ibimus
ibis
ibitis
ibit
ibunt
and look out for Prepositions which can be placed in front of this Verb to form compounds such as : Reading Practice
Now read through this well-known extract from Isaiah II, 2-5, paying special attention to the Verbs
(underlined) in the Future Indicative Active :
In diebus illis dixit Isaias Propheta : In those days the Prophet Isaiah said : In the last novissimis diebus preparatus mons domus Domini days the mountain of the house of the Lord shall be in vertice montium, et elevabitur super colles, et prepared on the top of mountains, and it shall be exalted above the hills, and all nations shall flow dicent : Venite et ascendamus ad montem Domini unto it. And many people shall go, and say : Come and let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, and ambulabimus in semitis ejus : quia de Sion to the house of the God of Jacob, and He will teachus His ways, and we will walk in His paths : for lex, et verbum Domini de Jerusalem. Et j the law shall come forth from Sion, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem. And He shall judge gladios suos in vomeres, et lanceas suas in falces. the Gentiles and rebuke many people : and they levabit gens contra gentem gladium : nec shall turn their swords into ploughshares, and exercebuntur ultra ad proelium. Domus Jacob their spears into sickles. Nation shall not lift up venite, et ambulemus in lumine Domini Dei nostri. sword against nation : neither shall they beexercised any more to war. O house of Jacob, comeye, and let us walk in the light of the Lord our God Exercise 3
Quid manducabimus, aut quid bibemus? 3. To whom did Jesus address these words? 5. What did the Angel Gabriel say to Mary? concipies in utero et paries filium, et vocabis nomenejus Jesum 6. To which disciples did Jesus address these words? Calicem quidem (indeed) meum bibetis 7. What is the reward of the faithful disciple? 8. What did Jesus promise to the faithful disciple? ego resuscitabo eum in novissimo die 9. Shortly before receiving Communion, the Priest genuflects, and takes the Sacred Host in his hands.
Then what does he say? Panem coelestem accipiam, et nomen Domini invocabo 10.3 Use of the Future Tense to give commands
The Future Tense can be used to convey a sense of authority in the person issuing an order as we find, for
example, in the Ten Commandments with their ‘Thou shalt not’ sequence . First learn the additional
vocabulary and then study the following extract from Rom. XIII, 9-10 :
adultero, -are, -avi, -atum (1) - to commit adultery occido, -ere, -idi, -isum (3) - to kill furor, -ari, furatus sum (1) - to steal concupisco, -ere, -ivi, -itum (3) - to covet adultera bis. Non
es. Non
fura beris. Non falsum testimonium
dic es. Non
es
This also applies to positive commands as in es proximum tuum sicut teipsum -
thou shalt adore the Lord thy God, and Him only shalt thou serve Vocabulary
illumino, -are, -avi, -atum (1) - to enlighten concipio, concipere, concepi, conceptum (3) - to conceive floreo, -ere, -ui (2) - to flourish pario, parere, peperi, partum (3) - to give birth Exercise 4 Fill in the blanks with the correct word :
1. Dominus noster cum virtute _________ , et 3. ________ radix Jesse, et qui ______ regere 5. Ecce virgo ______ et _____ filium 6. _________ eum omnes reges terrae : omnes 7. qui amat animam suam_______ eam shall serve Himhe that loveth his own life Exercise 5
Read through this extract from Psalm 110 which begins Qui habitat in adjutorio Altissimi (He thatdwelleth in the aid of the Most High). Underline all the Verbs in the Future Tense: Dicet Domino : Susceptor meus es tu, et refugium He shall say to the Lord : Thou art my protector and meum : Deus meus, sperabo in eum.Scapulis suis my refuge : my God, in Him will I trust.He will obumbrabit tibi, et sub pennis ejus sperabis. Scuto overshadow thee with His shoulders, and under His circumdabit te veritas ejus : non timebis a timore wings thou shalt trust. His truth shall encompass thee nocturno.Cadent a latere tuo mille, et decem millia with a shield : thou shalt not be afraid of the terror of a dextris tuis : tibi autem non appropinquabit. the night.A thousand shall fall at thy side, and ten Quoniam Angelis suis mandavit de te, ut custodiant thousand at thy right hand : but it shall not come nigh te in omnibus viis tuis. In manibus portabunt te, thee. For He hath given His angels charge over thee, to ne umquam offendas ad lapidem pedem tuum. Super keep thee in all thy ways. In their hands they shall bear aspidem et basiliscum ambulabis, et conculcabis thee up, lest thou dash thy foot against a stone. Thous leonem et draconem. Quoniam in me speravit, shalt walk upon the asp and the basilisk, and thou liberabo eum : protegam eum, quoniam cognovit shalt trample under foot the lion and the dragon.
nomen meum. Invocabit me, et ego exaudiam eum : Because he hoped in Me I will deliver him : I will cum ipso sum in tribulatione. Eripiam eum, et protect him because He hath known My Name : he glorificabo eum: longitudine dierum adimplebo eum, shall cry to me and I shall hear him : I am with him in tribulation. I will deliver him, and I will glorify him :I will fill him with length of days, and I will showhim My salvation.
Vocabulary
requiro, -ere, -quisivi, -quisitum (3) - to seek accubo, -are, -avi, -atum (1) - to lie down pereo, -ire, -ivi, -itum (4) - to be lost, perish alligo, -are, -avi, -atum (1) - to bind Reading Practice
Haec dicit Dominus Deus : Ecce ego ipse will visit them. As the shepherd visiteth his flock gregem suum in die, quando fuerit in medio ovium in the day when he shall be in the midst of his sheep that were will gather them out of the countries and them in the most fruitful pastures, and their shall be in the high mountains of Israel : there requiescent in herbis virentibus.Ego cause them to lie down, saith the Lord God. which was lost, and that which was driven away that which was weak; and that which was fat and

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